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RESUMO: Este artigo discute os conceitos de inovação, inovação social e inovação tecnológica com o intuito de analisar a dicotomia existente entre esses termos em suas epistemologias e práticas. Após um longo período em que inovação esteve relacionada a um processo social, a partir da segunda metade do século XX o termo passa a definir processos relacionados somente ao desenvolvimento tecnológico e econômico. Recentemente, inovação social volta a ser discutida, embora muitas vezes adquira sentido restritivo às ações de combate à exclusão social e ao desgaste ambiental promovidos pela inovação tecnológica. Este estudo ressalta a importância desses conceitos caminharem juntos para a definição de políticas e estratégias para a inovação com foco na sustentabilidade do planeta. Para a melhor compreensão dos termos, uma análise bibliográfica e um estudo do caso da impressão 3D mostra como processos de inovação se relacionam tecno-socialmente, tanto em conceitos quanto em ações. O estudo apresenta uma matriz analítica que permite, por um lado, sistematizar e comparar esses conceitos e por outro, verificar como inovações sócio-técnicas promovem a sustentabilidade na esfera ambiental, social e econômica, e serve como subsídio para a construção de políticas para o setor. Ao final, percebe-se necessário estudos que consigam determinar e mensurar processos organizacionais de práticas sustentáveis nas esferas sociais e tecnológicas concomitantemente.
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Since the 1960s, the theory and praxis of social ecology have helped guide efforts to articulate a radical, counter-systemic ecological outlook with a goal of transforming society’s relationship to non-human nature. For many decades, social ecologists have articulated a fundamental ecological critique of capitalism and the state, and proposed an alternative vision of empowered human communities organized confederally in pursuit of a more harmonious relationship to the wider natural world.
Social ecology helped shape the New Left and anti-nuclear movements in the 1960s and 1970s, the emergence of Green politics in many countries, the alter-globalization movement of the late 1990s and early 2000s, and most recently the struggle for democratic autonomy by Kurdish communities in Turkey and Syria, along with the resurgence of new municipal movements around the world — from Barcelona en Comú to Cooperation Jackson in Mississippi.
The philosophical vision of social ecology was first articulated by Murray Bookchin between the early 1960s and the early 2000s, and has since been further elaborated by his colleagues and many others. It is a unique synthesis of social criticism, historical and anthropological investigation, dialectical philosophy and political strategy. Social ecology can be viewed as an unfolding of several distinct layers of understanding and insight, spanning all of these dimensions and more. It begins with an appreciation of the fact that environmental problems are fundamentally social and political in nature, and are rooted in the historical legacies of domination and social hierarchy.
Social ecology helped shape the New Left and anti-nuclear movements in the 1960s and 1970s, the emergence of Green politics in many countries, the alter-globalization movement of the late 1990s and early 2000s, and most recently the struggle for democratic autonomy by Kurdish communities in Turkey and Syria, along with the resurgence of new municipal movements around the world — from Barcelona en Comú to Cooperation Jackson in Mississippi.
The philosophical vision of social ecology was first articulated by Murray Bookchin between the early 1960s and the early 2000s, and has since been further elaborated by his colleagues and many others. It is a unique synthesis of social criticism, historical and anthropological investigation, dialectical philosophy and political strategy. Social ecology can be viewed as an unfolding of several distinct layers of understanding and insight, spanning all of these dimensions and more. It begins with an appreciation of the fact that environmental problems are fundamentally social and political in nature, and are rooted in the historical legacies of domination and social hierarchy.
Les conséquences négatives de l'individualisme nous rappellent que l’être humain est avant tout un être de relation, et que le sentiment d’appartenance à une communauté est nécessaire à son épanouissement. Mais qu’est ce qu’une communauté au 21ème siècle ? En quoi peut-elle nous aider à faire face aux défis environnementaux et sociaux ? Dans le cadre du projet Oasis, Colibris explore le "faire ensemble" et repense la notion de communauté, en l’envisageant non plus comme un frein à notre liberté individuelle mais bien comme une source de richesse. Alors si, ensemble, nous imaginions de nouveaux lieux de vie et de ressources qui seraient, à leur échelle, la maquette de la société plus écologique et citoyenne que nous avons à construire ?
Une oasis peut se trouver en milieu rural ou urbain et prendre des formes différentes : éco-habitat participatif, écoquartier, écohameau, commune en transition, tiers-lieu tourné vers l'écologie… Autant d'oasis qui se fondent autour de cinq intentions essentielles et sont à l’origine de l’émergence d’une société fondée sur l'autonomie, le partage et la convivialité.
Une oasis peut se trouver en milieu rural ou urbain et prendre des formes différentes : éco-habitat participatif, écoquartier, écohameau, commune en transition, tiers-lieu tourné vers l'écologie… Autant d'oasis qui se fondent autour de cinq intentions essentielles et sont à l’origine de l’émergence d’une société fondée sur l'autonomie, le partage et la convivialité.
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